The Right to Information

For BCAJ March, 2007

Narayan Varma

Providing stamp of ‘ECNR’ on the passports

Shri Girish Mittal of Mumbai filed a complaint with the CIC on 17th August, 2006 through email and on 10th November, 2006 by post seeking information relating to different aspects of providing stamp “Emigration Clearance Not Required” (ECNR) on passports.

The case was fixed for hearing on 7th February, 2007, while 3 representatives appeared on behalf of Regional Passport Officer, Mumbai,  Shri Mittal was neither present nor sent any representative.  Information Commissioner O.P. Kejariwal  gave following decision:

“In the absence of the Appellant, the Commission heard the Respondents who stated that the Appellant had been issued the passport as also the ECNR stamp.  In fact, they had written to the Appellant and asked him to come to the Department to get the ECNR stamp but the Appellant represented to other Departments and not to the Department directly concerned.  In the meanwhile, the Respondents gave him the ECNR stamp after charging Rs.300 from him.  This they agreed was done through oversight.  The Commission, therefore, directs the Respondents to compensate the Appellant by a refund of Rs.300”. 

Thus, it may be observed that Commission decides the matter fairly & properly even when the Applicant/Complainant does not appear.

(Shri Girish Mittal v. Regional passport Office, Mumbai: No.CIC/OK/C/2006/00146 of 7.2.2007)

Seeking views of the CPIO from the Office of CIT

The appellant, Shri Virendra Mittal of Indore had sought information in the form of various queries, had sought certain documents submitted by third parties to the IT department and had sought views of the CPIO on various queries raised by him.

Commission’s Decision:

“There is as such no denial of information to the appellant.  The appellant should clearly identify and specify the information required by him, so that the information could be furnished to him.  The views and opinion of the CPIO, which does not exist in any material form, should not be asked for.  This appeal was unnecessary, hence, disposed of”.

From the above decision, it will be observed that under the RTI Act, one can’t ask the views or opinion but can only seek information.

(Shri Virendra Mittal, Indore v. CIT-1, Indore:  No. 525/IC(A)/2007 of 8.2.2007)

Third party information from IT Department

In number of cases information regarding income-tax details of any third party sought has been denied by CIC.  Hereunder two interesting cases connected with the information sought on tax-matters of charitable trusts:

·        Decision in People’s Union for Civil liberties, Rajasthan v. CIT, Jaipur ( 14.8.2006)

The appellant had sought copies of the income-tax returns, balance sheets along with annexure and assessment orders for 1999 to 2003, filed by a third party who has filed a criminal complaint against the appellant. 

The CPIO and the appellate authority have refused to provide the information on the ground that the information sought pertains to third party who has strongly objected to disclosure of information.  The CPIO has also contended that income-tax returns and related documents are in the nature of personal information, the disclosure of which are barred u/s.8(1)(j) of the Act.

The appellate authority has correctly applied exemption u/s.8(1)(j) of the Act from disclosure of information.  The decision of the appellate authority is therefore, upheld.

·        Shri Mubeen  Khan v. Directorate of Income Tax (Exemptions) Delhi ( 12.2.2007)

CPIO had relied on the decision as reported above.  Commission’s Decision noted that income–tax exemption issued by the department was furnished to the appellant.  However, it is justified that the documents submitted by the Trust, a third party, has been denied after seeking it’s concurrence u/s.11(1) of the RTI Act.  CIC also noted that there is moreover no public interest in disclosure of the information sought.

The RTI Act:

To continue the study………

Section 21 is the first section of the VIth and the last chapter of the RTI Act.  It protects persons acting in good faith.  As noted in the section, no suit, prosecution or other legal proceedings shall lie against any person for anything done or intended to be done which is in good faith under the RTI Act or any rule made thereunder.  Thus, this section protects all functionaries in the implementation of the RTI Act such as Information Commissioners.

Section 22 is a very interesting section and gives great boost to the power of the RTI Act.  Section enables to obtain information in large number of cases which otherwise would be denied.  Section provides that the provisions of the RTI Act shall have effect notwithstanding anything inconsistent therewith contained in the Official Secrets Act, 1923 and any other law for the time being in force or in any instrument having effect  by  virtue of any law other than the RTI Act.

As readers are aware, Section 138 of the Income-tax Act deals with “Disclosure of information respecting assessees”.  Sub-section (1) grants certain power to CBDT and other officers specified by it to disclose various information respecting assessees.  However, sub-section (2) overrides sub-section (1), it reads as under:

(2)  Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1) or any other law for the time being in force, the Central Government may, having regard to the practices and usages customary or any other relevant factors, by order notified in the Official Gazette, direct that no information or document shall be furnished or produced by a public servant in respect of such matters relating to such class of assessees or except to such authorities as may be specified in the order.

Thus, it may be observed that both laws i.e. the RTI Act and the Income-tax Act state:

In RTI Act :

:Notwithstanding anything inconsistent therewith contained in any other law for the time being in force………..

In the IT Act :

Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force………..

Now the issue arises as to which law will prevail:  When the IT Act prohibits disclosure but the RTI Act permits.  Time will show how the subject of disclosure will develop.

In this connection it is interesting to note the decision of the Central Information Commission in Arun Varma v. D.G. of IT (Systems) of 3.3.2006.  The appellant had asked certain details of PAN & TAN of 26 companies.  Commission ruled that it is exempt under the RTI Act but it also noted in the decision:

Information relating to PAN and TAN including the dates of issue of these numbers are composite and confidential in nature u/s.138 of Income-tax Act.

Section 23 bars the jurisdiction of courts:  No court is to entertain any suit, application or other proceeding in respect of any order made under the RTI Act and no such order shall be called in question otherwise than by way of an appeal under the RTI Act.  Thus, the order of CIC becomes final in any matter.  One can only go for writ and challenge it , if one so desires. 

Other News:

¨      It is not only non-government organisations and human rights activists who are using the Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005, to avail information from the government.  The Federation of Gujarat Industries (FGI) has requested the Gujarat Urja Vikas Nigam (GUVNL) to submit information regarding the recent bids invited for long-term purchase of power.

The FGI has requested GUVNL to provide a list of bidders, dates of opening and outcomes, details of re-invitations and negotiations, copies of letters of intent and agreements.  FGI has also sought the board agenda prepared and submitted to the board of directors and the recommendations given by them with regards to the power purchase.

¨      Bihar’s black marks can take a back seat for now.  It is now a shining example to other states as it becomes the first state to introduce a helpline service for RTI applicants.

Now, instead of writing an application for seeking information under the RTI Act and submitting it to concerned departments, all one has to do is dial a number where an attendant processes the request and sends an application to the concerned official. A duplicate copy is forwarded to the district magistrate through email followed by a fax message. A copy of the application will be delivered at the caller’s address within three days.  Plus, the caller will be given a special number for follow-up action, says A. Subhani, Secretary, Personnel, Bihar.  Rs.10, RTI application fee will be added to the telephone call charge.  This helpline will be launched in coordination with an NGO, Parivartan.

¨      Based on second appeals and complaints received by the information commission, which is a fair indicator of the number of Right to Information Act applications filed, the panel has come to the conclusion that Maharashtra has bagged the number one slot in Right to Information Act usage.  This comes a year after the Right to Information Act came into effect.

According to the statistics provided by the commission, the Maharashtra Information Commission has received 6,641 second appeals and complaints till December last year, while the other states commissions received less than 2,000 second appeals and complaints in the same period. The Central Information Commission, which is a second appellate authority for all central government bodies in the country, has received 4,939 second appeals and complaints which is less than that of Maharashtra.

¨      It must be the army man in him.  At 74, major-general (retd) SCN Jatar is busy battling corruption in the Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC).  Even before the Right to Information Act became the common man’s weapon, he used the Maharashtra RTI Act in 2003 to expose the misuse of official cars by the elected representatives at the Pune Municipal Corporation.

Getting information is a very small part of the RTI Act.  The real issue is, after procuring the information, what?” says the sprightly Jatar, who is also the president of the non-government organisation Nagrik Chetna Manch in Pune.

“The politicians and administrators know that  most of the issues will make news for a few days and then forgotten.  That is why it is important to go after them to ensure better governance in the future”. 

Jatar fired the first salvo in October 2003.  He got the details of the logbook entries of the trips made in official cars by the mayor, deputy mayor, standing committee chairman, and leader of the opposition.  Jatar then revealed to the city that Rs.51 lakh was spent in 10 months on these travels.

“The bill indicated that either too many outstation trips were being made or that 400 km were being clocked each day within city limits,” says Jatar recalling his first findings.  So he went ahead and procured details about the outstation trips made by the officials.  It showed that officials made trips to every religious and tourist place in Maharashtra all in the name of “official purposes”.

Jatar took the findings to municipal commissioner TC Benjamin, who issued a circular that if any government official or corporator used official vehicles for personal purposes he or she would be charged at double the rate.  This move fetched the PMC Rs.49 lakh in two years.

¨      Much to the embarrassment of judges, the Supreme Court bar association is set to vote on a resolution stating that the judiciary should not be exempted from the purview of the Right to Information  Act.

Over 150 lawyers requisitioned the bar association to convene a general body meeting (GBM) to pass the resolution, which runs counter to the efforts being made by  the supreme court to dilute the application of RTI upon itself.  Since such a large number of lawyers signed the requisition, bar association president M N Krishnamani told Times of India that he was bound by it regardless of the judges’ feelings and therefore, he was planning to hold a GBM over the RTI resolution in the first half of February.

Debunking  the supreme court’s claim that RTI could compromise the independence of the judiciary, Krishnamani made no secret of the fact that he was in favour of the proposed resolution.  The provocation for a possible confrontation between the bar and the bench is the supreme court’s first annual return filed under Section 25 of the Act suggesting two controversial reforms:

·      It sought exemption from the Act for any information which, in the opinion of the Chief Justice of India or his nominee, may adversely affect or interfere or tend to interfere with the independence of the judiciary or administration of justice.

·      It proposed an amendment exempting the CJI’s decisions on RTI applications from being subjected to appeal before the Central Information Commission (CIC)

(From Times of  India dated 01.02.2007)